Why are papilloma viruses associated with cancer

Of the 2 viruses, infection with HBV is more likely to cause symptoms, such as a flu-like illness and jaundice yellowing of the eyes and skin. Most adults recover completely from HBV infection within a few months. Only a very small portion of adults go on to have chronic HBV infections, but this risk is higher in young children.

People with chronic HBV infections have a higher risk for liver cancer. HCV is less likely to cause symptoms than HBV, but it is more likely to cause chronic infection, which can to lead to liver damage or even cancer.

An estimated 3. To help find some of these unknown infections, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC recommends that all people born between and as well as some other people at high risk get blood tests to check for HCV. Once an infection is found, treatment and preventive measures can be used to slow liver damage and reduce cancer risk.

Both hepatitis B and C infections can be treated with drugs. Treating chronic hepatitis C infection with a combination of drugs for at least a few months can get rid of HCV in many people.

A number of drugs can also be used to help treat chronic hepatitis B. This includes people infected with HIV, men who have sex with men, injection drug users, people in certain group homes, people with certain medical conditions and occupations such as health care workers , and others. Known routes of spread include:. HIV is not spread by insects, through water, or by casual contact such as talking, shaking hands, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or from sharing dishes, bathrooms, kitchens, phones, or computers.

It is not spread through saliva, tears, or sweat. This might let some other viruses, such as HPV, thrive, which might lead to cancer. Many scientists believe that the immune system is also important in attacking and destroying newly formed cancer cells. A weak immune system might let new cancer cells survive long enough to grow into a serious, life-threatening tumor.

HIV infection has been linked to a higher risk of developing Kaposi sarcoma and cervical cancer. The CDC recommends that everyone between the ages of 13 and 64 be tested for HIV at least once as part of their routine health care. There is no vaccine to prevent HIV. But there are ways to lower your risk of getting it, such as not having unprotected sex or sharing needles with someone who has HIV.

For people who are at high risk of HIV infection, such as injection drug users and people whose partners have HIV, taking medicine as a pill every day is another way to help lower your risk of infection. For people already infected with HIV, taking anti-HIV drugs can help slow the damage to the immune system, which may help reduce the risk of getting some of the cancers above.

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Eur Urol ; HPV vaccination prevents infections that cause these cancers. More than 4 out of every 10 cases of cancer caused by HPV occur among men. Every year in the U. You can protect your child from these cancers with HPV vaccine at age 11—12 years. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Human Papillomavirus HPV.